Key Words: Internal control; paper; recycling paper.
Abstract. The article introduces effective Internal Control System for the main raw materials for the production of paper from recycled materials for packaging industry. In the article are present logical structure and technical realization of the system.
На 26-28 септември 2019 г. в Созопол, България се проведе 19-ата конференция „Technology, Culture and
International Stability“ (TECIS’19) на Международната федерация по автоматично управление IFAC (International Federation for Automatic Control).
Международната федерация по автоматично управление IFAC е многонационала федерация от 52 национални организации членки, всяка от които представлява инженерни и научни общества, свързани с автоматичното управление в своите собствени страни. Основана е през септември 1957 г. Целта на IFAC е популяризиране на науката и технологията за управлението в най-широкия смисъл и във всички системи – инженерни, физически, биологични, социални и икономически както по отношение на теорията и приложенията, така и по отношение на влиянието на технологиите за управление на обществото.
На 3-5 октомври 2019 г. се проведе традиционната Международна конференция „Автоматика и информатика‘19“, която се организира всяка година от Съюза по автоматика и информатика (САИ) „Джон Атанасов” и ФНТС.
Провеждането на конференцията се свързва традиционно с рождения ден на патрона на Съюза по автоматика и информатика Джон Атанасов – 4 октомври. Този ден е обявен от Министерския съвет за Ден на информационното общество – професионален празник на специалистите по компютърна техника, информационни технологии и автоматика. И тази година конференцията беше проведена под патронажа на президента на Република България г-н Румен Радев.
През 2019 г. уважаваният и обичан от няколко поколения негови колеги преподаватели, от многобройните
си студенти и докторанти и от цялата гилдия на специалистите по автоматика и информатика проф. д.т.н. Никола Маджаров навърши 85 години! Никола Енчев Маджаров е роден на 5 септември 1934 г. в Сопот. Завършил е специалност електрообзавеждане на промишлени предприятия в МЕИ – София, през 1958 г. Защитил е кандидатска дисертация (к.т.н., сега доктор) на тема “Некоторыe вопросы статистической динамики дискретных систем автоматической оптимизации” през 1964 г. в Московския енергетичен институт (научен ръководител проф. Л. Растригин) и докторска дисертация за д.т.н. на тема “Инженерни задачи в линейната идентификация” през 1978 г. във ВМЕИ – София.
Key Words: Artificial intelligence; automation; control theory; knowledge.
Abstract. During the second half of the twentieth century Automation was doubtlessly one of the most dominant scientific and engineering directions. In control theory a number of original concepts with a fundamental importance received a quick and deep development – dynamic systems, feedback, stability, modeling, identification, optimization, robustness, controllability and observability. These new concepts rendered a strong interdisciplinary paradigmal impact on a variety of scientific areas of advanced activities – computer science, decision making as well as on classic sciences like neuroscience, psychology, medicine, economics, education and many others. On the other hand contemporary Automation absorbs in a natural way lots of relevant achievements in other scientific directions like the fuzzy logic, the approximation theory, the neural nets, the network approach, learning, elements of the artificial intelligence, etc. But during the last fifteen years there was an obvious decrease of the verbal attendance of the Automation problematics in societal debates about the emerging challenges in a globalizing world. In the present paper it is argued that Automation continues to be a solid reactive and proactive factor in the formation of the societal strategy and in the running advanced technological and scientific policy because: (i) Automation speeds up its internal advanced development solving new emerging problems, (ii) Automation possesses relevant tools to predict corresponding scientific challenges and to Overcome Them, (Iii) Automation Will Be Together With Artificial Intelligence The Most Powerful Action In The Social Digitalization In The Near Future.
Key Words: Vibratory bowl feeder; LQR controller; robust analysis.
Abstract. In this paper, a synthesis of the LQR control unit for a vibratory feeding and orientation module is presented. The device representing the control object is considered as a two-mass resonating system. In the presence of parametric uncertainty, a linear model of the system in state space is produced. A robust closed-loop analysis has been accomplished, showing the robust quality and robust stability of the system provided by the LQR controller.
Key Words: Risk assessment; liquid steel breakout; metallurgical ladle; infrared thermography.
Abstract. In the present paper is considered the risk assessment for liquid steel breakouts from metallurgical ladle. The damages with different form are investigated. Mathematical models for geometric dimensions of damages and temperature field on metallurgical ladle are created. The temperature field is measured by infrared thermo camera.
Кey Words: Average mass temperature; oak details; one sided heating; plasticizing; bending.
Abstract. An approach for computing the average mass temperature of the wood and the rate of its change during one sided heating of flat wood details, has been suggested. The approach is based on the use of the solutions of own non-linear model for the calculation of the non-stationary 1D temperature distribution along the thickness of subjected to one sided conductive heating flat wood details aimed at their plasticizing in the production of curved back parts of chairs. A software program has been prepared in the calculation environment of Visual FORTRAN Professional for solving of the model. With the help of the program, the 1D non-stationary temperature field in flat oak details with an initial temperature of 20 oC, moisture content of 0.15 kg.kg-1, thickness of 12 mm, 16 mm, and 20 mm during their 30 min one sided heating at temperature of 80 oC and 120 oC of the heating metal body has been calculated. After integration of the temperature field, the average mass wood temperature and the rate of its change of the subjected to one sided heating oak details has been calculated. The obtained results are graphically presented and analyzed.
Key Words: Heat integration; batch processes; stochastic optimization; flexibility index.
Abstract. By definition, sustainable development is a way of using natural resources that aims to meet human needs while maintaining the natural balance with the environment, so that these needs can be met both now and for future generations. The creation of highly efficient technological processes, energy efficiency in every sphere of the economy and society, the production of energy from renewable energy sources, the economy of materials, the use of renewable natural resources, the development of green and eco-technologies, prevention of harmful waste; effective governance of the economy, society and the environment are part of the most important policies underlying the European Union’s (EU) Sustainable Development Strategy. Creating energy efficient production systems involves less impact on the environment. One of the most powerful tools for creating this type of system is the integration of energy and mass processes. Process integration covers a wide range of system-oriented methods and approaches that are used in the design and reconstruction of industrial processes to obtain optimal use of resources. In recent years, the focus on energy integration of processes has shifted from the integration of processes in continuous systems to the integration in systems with batch processes. From the conducted researches it is clear that the production systems with batch processes have sufficient energy potential, which can be used to improve their energy efficiency. The recovery and use of this heat is complicated by the batch nature of the processes, and the task is further complicated by the impact of stochastically changing flow parameters such as temperature, volume, etc., overcoming which is a serious challenge to the sustainability of batch production systems. The aim of the present study is to propose a method for dealing with uncertainties and increasing resilience through heat integration of flows in periodic production systems. The method includes three main stages: 1. Uncertainty analysis and selection of a suitable scheme for energy integration of processes and its mathematical description; 2. Defining the problem of optimal redesign of an energy-integrated batch production system by incorporating the integration model within a stochastic optimization problem and its solution; 3. Assessment and decision making to choose the most appropriate solution, whereby the production system is sustainable of the impact of the uncertain parameters in the widest borders, by defining the flexibility index.
Key Words: ModSecurity; HTTP; OWASP; Web Application; Firewall.
Abstract. The security of the information in the contemporary dynamic and information world is by priority importance. Every day the entire world alarms for different in their nature and object hacker’s attacks. The damages of those attacks are as well fiscal and moral. The most popular attacks against the web-applications are those with causing service denial (Denial of Service – DoS), the blocking of the functioning of different sites or entire systems. Protection opportunities of web-servers, functioning in real time of OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) are presented in that material. The module ModSecurity provides a set of protection rules, based on control of the ingoing and outgoing traffic from the point of view of the server
Key Words: Wireless LAN (WLAN) security; WEP; RC4; IEEE 802.11; IEEE 802.1X; IEEE 802.11i; WPA; TKIP; WPA2; AES; CCMP; KRACK attack.
Abstract. On the basis of extensive research in the specialized literature, a critical analysis of information security protocols in the standards for IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN, WiFi) has been carried out. Finally, some conclusions and recommendations are made. The first WLAN security protocol – WEP is extremely insecure and should not be used. Due to the inherited vulnerabilities of WEP and the fact that some parts of TKIP (such as the Michael function) have some security deficiencies, WPA has already exhausted its role as a temporary WEP fix for legacy hardware and is not recommended. Despite the mathematically proven cryptographic security of the AES standard in CBC mode, a weakness in the cryptographic key management process makes it vulnerable and leads to a security breach of WPA2 in October 2017. Although the vulnerability is removable by patch, probably a lot of WiFi-Devices have not been updated, which puts users at risk. In addition, despite updates of the firmware and recommendations from information security professionals to circumvent and/or block the protocol breach, reports emerged in October 2018 that the vulnerability to KRACK was still being exploited.
Кey Words: Case-Base Reasoning (CBR); mathematical modeling; operational conditions; scheduling; suboptimal control; Thermal Treatment Process (TTP).
Abstract. An intelligent system for control of the thermal treatment process (TTP) of wood materials addressed toward manufacturing with necessity of often rescheduling is proposed via combination of model-based and data-driven approaches. Using First-principle mathematical model of TTP presented by Partial Differential Equations in 2D space with suboptimal model-based control algorithm and Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) approach an explicit suboptimal control system is investigated in different operational conditions. A set of virtual subspaces for feasible operational situations for variety of objective criteria of value assessment is created using traditional problem-decision representation. As the search spaces are well structured, the search procedure based on traditional K–NN algorithm is strongly simplified. In this way the complicated computer simulation of the TTP at each time step due to the plant’s parameter distribution, nonlinearity and operational or environmental disturbances are fulfilled off-line. On-line are accomplished relatively small part of the calculations connected with the traditional R4–operations in CBR, objective functions estimation, some databased and rule-based control parameter corrections and possible adaptation from charge to charge. Some results of the simulation experiments are presented and analyzed.
Key Words: Information theory; entropy; hierarchy; energy mix; renewable energies.
Abstract. The dynamics of development and distribution of resources are key questions for characterizing the complexity of systems in a large number of areas. Traditionally, the natural sciences (physics, chemistry, computer science, telecommunications, and others) have used Shannon’s information theory and the concept of entropy to assess diversity, uncertainty, and chaos. Social sciences (economics, competition law, etc.) prefer to consider these issues from the opposite point of view – the concentration of resources, reflecting the dominance and hierarchy in competition interactions. Energy systems are a typical example of complex and dynamic systems and their study is of particular interest in theoretical and practical terms. Becoming the engine of innovation in energy technologies, renewable energy sources play an important role in the evolution and dynamics of energy balances at the international, national and local levels. The article presents the possibilities of the original method developed by the author for estimating the hierarchy of information, its advantages in comparison with the traditional methods of Shannon’s entropy and Herfindahl concentration and its application for improving the analysis of energy balances and the role of renewable energy sources.
Key Words: Internet of Things; data transmission; communication protocols; big data.
Abstract. Communication models and protocols in Internet of Things (IoT) are relatively new field of research and use due to the fact, that connecting objects by digital means in Internet has occurred only in the last decade. However, the rapid grow of applications of this paradigm in almost all areas of human activity has led to enormous volume of data generated from all kind of sources (things) and transmitted all over the global digital network. This, in turn, has led to the creation of new models and protocols for data transmission in IoT. The paper gives an overview of the main approaches / models for communication in IoT. The requirement for scalability and simplicity is amongst the most important when IoT and Big data are involved. Four models are presented – the Push, Request/Response, Subscribe/Notify and Publish/Subscribe. A classification and layered approach is made for protocols used in IoT. Three of the most widely used for data transmission in IoT are taken for further investigation – MQTT, CoAP and AMQP. They are compared in terms of bandwidth, overhead, size of transmitted data, reliability and security. Then are compared with HTTP, which is well known and widely used on the Internet. The conclusions are that the most popular model for IoT and Big data communication is the Publish/Subscribe one, whether in regard to the use and recommendation for data protocol, one cannot point a clear leader at present (unlike the protocols in the TCP/IP stack for Internet), so there is the tendency that for the time being, different data protocols will be used in different IoT and Big data applications.
Key Words: G Code; vectorization; colors reduction; plotting.
Abstract. G Code instructions are used for CNC machines. In order, such machines to produce objects or drawings visual information should be vectorized. Transformation of full-color image to set of 16 colors is achieved by color reduction algorithm. Pixels in the image are replaced with simple shapes (strokes) in such a way that these simple graphic primitives to be drawn by CNC driven 2D plotter. Each stroke should be drawn by a single loading of oil paint. This goal cannot be achieved by standard G Code generation and this research.
Key Words: Particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5; sensors for РМ; temperature and light; Arduino Nano 3.0.
Abstract. Air pollution causes damage to human health and ecosystems. Large parts of the population do not live in a healthy environment in accordance with current standards. Today, almost every city has problems with particulate matter concentration, especially in time of temperature inversions. This article introduces an automated system for monitoring and analyzing fine particulates in ambient air, temperature and light. It can be used in the workplace, at home, and in particular in student classrooms and laboratories, not only for monitoring, but also for training and refinement involving students, in various disciplines or informal аactivities.
Кеу Words: Cybersecurity; OPC-UA applications; security; formal verification; information modeling; timed automata models; temporal logic.
Abstract. Cybersecurity protect the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computing devices and networks, hardware and software, and most importantly, data and information. The main aim of the paper is to analyze the capabilities and to propose an approach for increasing the security of OPC-UA applications based on the use of formal verification, and its integration into the development lifecycle model and information modeling capabilities provided by OPC-UA. The formal verification is based on using model checking based on timed automata models of the system and cybersecurity properties, defined by using temporal logic.
Key Words: Moment of inertia; resistance force; braking factor; running qualities.
Abstract. In the railway transport practice it is important to maintain sustain control of speed mass, resistance and braking capability of the railway composition. The mass control issue is of great importance especially when in case of transportation of liquid on rail as the liquid leakage will instantly be established using mass control. The resistance control during motion is also a priority as thus we will be able to establish the moment of derailment due to resistance increase. It is important to control the braking capability of the train composition as it enables the engine driver to receive continuous information and if problem in the braking system occurs to take the appropriate action.
Поколението на седемте екрана – на телевизора, компютъра, лаптопа, таблета, фаблета, смартфона и интелигентния часовник не може и не бива да се обучава така, както са били обучавани неговите родители. Пред това поколение не може и не бива да се пише на черна дъска с бял тебешир. Замяната на черната дъска с бяла, а на тебешира – с маркер, не е дори и количествена промяна, т.е. това не е начинът да се привлече вниманието на днешните ученици и студенти и те да се мотивират да акумулират знания и да развиват умения за практическото им прилагане. Необходимо е чрез масово и ефективно използване на информационни и комуникационни технологии, базирани иновационни образователни технологии и дидактически модели, да се адаптира образователната система към дигиталното поколение, а чрез въвеждане на изследователския подход в образователния процес той да се преориентира от механично усвояване на факти към преоткриване на знанията и развиване на уменията.
На 18 и 19 юни 2021 г. се състоя двадесет и второто издание на Международната научна конференция CompSysTech’21.
Международната конференция CompSysTech’21 се организира от българската Академична общност по компютърни системи и информационни технологии (АОКСИТ) и нейната цел е да засили информационния обмен на резултати в теоретичните изследвания и практическите разработки в областта.
ул. “Раковски” 108
1000 София
тел. 02 987 6169
sai.bg.office@gmail.com
