На 20 декември 2025 г. ни напусна инж. Михаил Марков Кринков, един от създателите на българската промишленост в областта на компютърните технологии.
Категория: Списание Автоматика и информатика
новости, информация, общество
Първи награди за млади представители на САИ „Джон Атанасов“
На 13 ноември 2025 г. се проведе XXII национална младежка научно-практическа конференция на ФНТС. В конференцията Съюзът по автоматика и информатика „Джон Атанасов“ беше представен от Александра Умленска и Христиан Кръстев и за пореден път наши участници спечелиха първи награди!
новости, информация, общество
Клуб САИ през 2025 г.
Клуб САИ е създаден през 1981 г. по желание на членовете на Комитета по автоматизация към ЦС на НТС – за обмяна на опит, информация за постигнати успехи на отделните членове на Клуба в техните научни изследвания, както и за възникнали проблеми.
новости, информация, общество
33-и международен симпозиум „Управление на енергийни, екологични и индустриални системи“, 11-12 ноември 2025 г., София
На 11-12 ноември 2025 г. в Дома на науката и техниката в София се проведе 33-то издание на традиционния ежегоден международен симпозиум „Управление на енергийни, индустриални и екологични системи“, организиран от Съюза по автоматика и информатика „Джон Атанасов“ със съдействието на ФНТС. В 33-годишното си съществуване симпозиумът поддържа неизменно линията за връзка между специалистите по автоматика и информатика от изследователските групи и индустрията.
новости, информация, общество
9th IEEE International Conference “Big Data, Knowledge and Control System Engineering” BdKCSE’2025, 6-7 ноември 2025 г., Банкя
9-тата международна конференция на IEEE „Големи данни, знания и инженерство на системи за управление“ (BdKCSE’2025) се проведе на 6-7 ноември 2025 г. в хотел Банкя Палас, Банкя.
новости, информация, общество
IEEE International Conference Automatics and Informatics’2025 (ICAI’25), 9-11 октомври 2025 г., Варна
Престижната ежегодна международна конференция IEEE International Conference Automatics and Informatics’25 (ICAI’25), продължение на традиционната Международна конференция „Автоматика и информатика“, се проведе на 9-11 октомври 2025 г. в Техническия университет – Варна. Тя е едно от основните мероприятия в Дните на Джон Атанасов, които се провеждат под патронажа на президента на Република България. Целта е популяризиране на резултатите от научните изследвания в областта на автоматиката и информатиката, както и да се отбележи 4 октомври – професионалният празник на българските специалисти по компютърна техника, информационни технологии и автоматика.
новости, информация, общество
Дни на Джон Атанасов 2025
Дните на Джон Атанасов са свързани с рождения ден на патрона на Съюза по автоматика и информатика Джон Атанасов – 4 октомври, и се провеждат традиционно всяка година. 4 октомври е обявен от Министерския съвет за Ден на информационното общество в България – професионален празник на специалистите по компютърна техника, информационни технологии и автоматика, и се чества от 2007 г.
новости, информация, общество
26-а международна конференция „Компютърни системи и технологии“ CompSysTech’25, 27-28 юни 2025 г., Русе
CompSysTech’25 е двадесет и шестото издание на Международната конференция по компютърни системи и технологии. Конференцията се проведе на 27-28 юни 2025г. в Русенския университет „Ангел Кънчев“, Русе.
новости, информация, общество
Заслужено признание Акад. Васил Сгурев с почетното звание „Доктор хонорис кауза“ на Русенски университет „Ангел Кънчев“
На 27 май 2025 г. акад. Васил Сгурев беше удостоен с почетното звание „Доктор хонорис кауза“ на Русенски университет „Ангел Кънчев“. Присъждането на званието е заслужено признание и оценка на цялостния принос на акад. Сгурев за развитието и утвърждаването на факултет „Електротехника, електроника и автоматика“ на Русенския университет в образователното и научното пространство, както и за развитието на иновационните технологии в национален и световен аспект.
автоматика
В. Акиванов. Методи и средства за дистанционно измерване и съхраняване на данни от първични източници
Key Words: Signal sources; PLC; Arduino; Raspberry Pi; Data Base; data server; programming software.
Abstract. In this article are considered several variants of systems for capturing data from measuring devices, their processing and their transmission for further storage in a database. Databases are considered, also the formation of records in them. In the modern digital world, automation acquires new dimensions and new qualities of receiving, processing and storing results. This article considers: measuring devices – sources of digital signals; devices/controllers for signal processing; methods and means for storing measured information; software tools for processing and storing data. As an example, elements of a program for receiving, processing and storing data received via the Modbus protocol are shown.
изкуствен интелект
С. Йорданов, Г. Михалев, К. Орманджиев, Х. Стойчева, С. Иванов. Приложение на адаптивен невро-ПИД регулатор при управление на електрохидравлична система
Key Words: Neural PID control; adaptive control; electro-hydraulic system; nonlinear systems; MATLAB/Simulink; robustness.
Abstract. This article presents an adaptive Neural PID Optimizer for control of a nonlinear electro-hydraulic servo system. Conventional PID controllers with fixed parameters ensure satisfactory performance only in a limited operating range and exhibit degraded behavior at low rotational speeds due to dead-zone effects and at high speeds due to actuator saturation. To address these limitations, a neural network is employed to adapt the PID gains Kp, Ki, and Kd in real time based on the system state. Simulation studies conducted in MATLAB/Simulink for different operating regimes and load variations demonstrate that the proposed adaptive controller improves dynamic performance, reduces settling time, eliminates steady-state error, and enhances robustness to disturbances. The time evolution of the controller parameters confirms the effective operation of the neural adaptation mechanism. The results validate the suitability of the proposed approach for control of nonlinear electrohydraulic systems with variable operating conditions.
изкуствен интелект
М. Хаджийски. Интелигентно управление с поощряващо обучение в индустриалната автоматика
Key Words: Adaptation; integration; Machine Learning; modeling; optimization; Reinforcement Learning; tuning.
Abstract. The article examines the main directions for integrating the Reinforcement Machine Learning (RL) as an extension of the already existing advanced industrial automation systems based on the classical PID and MPC regulators. The appropriate areas of application, functionality, advantages and disadvantages of the application of RL in direct process control, hybrid regulation, as well as in local coordination of complex multidimensional, nonlinear, with parametric variability and large number of constraints objects with frequent changes of the control objectives are analyzed. The goal of integrating RL is to achieve optimality, adaptability and security in all possible operational situations from technological and business aspects that are unattainable for traditional systems with PID and MPC regulators. An analysis was made and the prospects for the gradual transformation of RL into the third main pillar of industrial automation along with PID and MPC were assessed.
информатика
П. Благов, П. Русков, Европейските проекти EBSI-NE (Node Expansion) и OnePass: рамка за доверие между стартиращи компании, инвеститори и оператори на услуги
Key Words: EBSI; EUROPEUM-EDIC; EBSI-NE; VeloxWallet; EBSI OnePass.
Abstract. The aim of the article is to present the challenges, experience and solutions obtained by the teams in which the authors work for the architecture of EBSI nodes, processes and roles in verification and financing of start-ups and SMEs in the European projects EBSI-NE and EBSI OnePass. The European Blockchain Infrastructure for Services (EBSI) is presented as a common cross-border framework in Europe – need and opportunities, technologies and a single legal framework to support growth and business. The architectures and basic functionalities of the EBSI-NE projects, which develop the EBSI network by adding 18 new validator nodes to the production network and providing comprehensive support services to all stakeholders, and the EBSI OnePass project, which develops decentralized services for the processes of innovative financing of SMEs, are described. The developed digital wallet VeloxWallet, which offers various functionalities, such as KYC (Know Your Customer) and KYB (Know Your Business) schemes for verifiable certificates and the verification process of the participants in the OnePass project, are examined. Empirical results from the work on the two projects are also discussed: a developed environment for implementation in the EBSI pre-production stage, ecommendations for testing the OnePass project, and future directions for the application and development of the OnePass platform.
автоматика
Н. Делийски, Л. Дзуренда, Д. Ангелски, П. Вичев, К. Атанасова, Изчисляване на топлинния баланс и КПД на бетонни ями при пропарване на фурнирни трупи в тях
Key Words: Concrete pits; veneer logs; steaming; thermal balance; energy efficiency.
Abstract. A methodology for computing the thermal balance and energy efficiency of concrete pits when steaming veneer logs in them has been presented. The methodology is based on the use of two personal mathematical models: 1D non-linear model of the unsteady temperature distribution along the radius in the central cross section of non-frozen logs at conductive boundary conditions, and a stationary model of the thermal balance of concrete pits when steaming wood materials in them. For numerical solving of the models and practical application of the suggested methodology, a software packages were prepared in the calculation environment of Visual FORTRAN Professional and in Excel respectively. With the help of the first model, the steaming times of beech logs with a diameter of 0.4 m, initial temperature of 0, 10, and 20 °C and moisture content of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 kg∙kg-1 were determined at operating temperatures in the pit equal to 70, 80, and 90 °C. Using the determined logs’ steaming durations, with the help of the second model the change in the energy required for the entire steaming process and that for each of the components of the pit’s thermal balance was calculated. The thermal efficiency of a concrete pit was also determined under different combinations of factors affecting the steaming of the logs. Computer simulations were performed for a well-insulated pit with working volume of 20 m3 and degree of filling it with logs 45%, 60%, and 75%. It has been established that the energy consumption of the pit decreases from 122.8 to 106.3 kWh·m-3 when the initial temperature of logs with a moisture content of 0.6 kg∙kg-1 is increased from 0 °C to 20 °C, and their logs heating is realized at a temperature of the steaming medium of 80 °C and a maximum possible in practice degree of filling the pit with logs of 75%. The increase in the temperature in the pit from 70 to 90 °C at its 75% filling with logs with an initial temperature of 10 °C and a moisture content of 0.6 kg∙kg-1 causes an increase in its energy consumption from 103.4 to 127.0 kWh·m-3. In these two cases, the thermal efficiency of the pit decreases – in the first case from 41.8% to 35.7% and in the second case – from 39.1% to 38.9%. The increase in the moisture content of the logs from 0.4 to 0.8 kg·kg-1 causes an increase in the energy consumption of the pit from 104.3 to 125.2 kWh∙m-3 at its 75% filling and steaming at 80 °C of logs with an initial temperature of 10 °C. In this case, the thermal efficiency of the pit increases from 34.3% to 42.9%. The presented methodology can be used to calculate the thermal balance and efficiency of concrete pits with different geometric and thermophysical parameters when steaming logs of different wood species to any desired degree of heating and plasticization in the production of veneer
изкуствен интелект
Г. Петров, Битови манипулации и хардуерни оптимизации за бързи трансцендентни функции в Edge и IoT устройства
Key Words: Bit manipulations; hardware optimizations; Edge devices; lookup tables (LUT); CORDIC; fast inverse square root; embedded machine learning.
Abstract. Fast and energy-efficient evaluation of transcendental functions (for example, logarithm, exponential, square root, and normalization) is critical for real-time signal processing and on-device AI inference in Edge and IoT systems. This paper surveys and experimentally validates a set of lightweight techniques – primarily IEEE-754 based bit-level manipulations (bit tricks) – alongside code- and hardware-level optimizations (loop unrolling, DMA usage, and other low-level optimizations) that dramatically accelerate these functions on resource-constrained microcontrollers. We describe simple but effective bit hacks for fast approximations of log₂(x), 2ˣ, √x and 1/√x (including the well-known “Quake” inverse square root), explain their theoretical basis in floating-point representation, and show how modest corrections to the mantissa (linear and low-order polynomial) can substantially improve accuracy while retaining most performance gains. Benchmarking across representative platforms (AVR, Cortex-M variants with/without FPU, ESP32, and RISC-V boards) demonstrates up to 10× speedups relative to standard library implementations, with typical accuracy in the range of 5-6 bits for raw bit-trick estimates and much improved error after correction terms. We discuss practical integration patterns, trade-offs between latency, memory footprint, and numerical fidelity, and recommend when to combine bit tricks with LUTs or CORDIC for broader function coverage. Finally, we outline use cases (embedded ML feature scaling, entropy computation, normalization in DSP and robotics) and caveats (unsuitability for high-precision scientific/financial calculations and for periodic functions like sin/cos), providing guidelines for safe deployment in production Edge/IoT projects.
енергийна ефективност
П. Кисьов, С. Димитров, З. Георгиев, Н. Ранчев, Контейнерна инсталация за анаеробно третиране на отпадъчни ферментационни продукти в биогаз със система за съхранение на биогаза
Key Words: Waste valorisation; bioenergy production; containerised biogas system; climate change mitigation.
Abstract. The EU is fostering new set of policies in all sectors, so as to achieve climate neutrality in 2050. The generation of new practices for improved exploitation of available waste streams in the agricultural sector holds significant potential for minimization of the generated greenhouse gases. This requires innovations towards more efficient waste valorisation systems for the production of bioenergy. To tackle the issue, a containerised biogas system is proposed to prevent the free release of methane and other GHG, while producing renewable energy. The experience from the development of containerised biogas system in Dimitrievo, Bulgaria is described.
автоматика
В. Руйкова, Обобщено предсказващо управление на емисиите на азотни оксиди (NOx) в електроцентрала с комбиниран цикъл
Key Words: Generalized predictive control; disturbance compensation; feedforward control; time-delay; nitrogen oxides (NOx).
Abstract. This paper describes a NOx control system in a combined cycle power plant. The aim is to increase the control performance of a NOx decomposition process by improving measurable disturbance compensation. Extended Generalized Predictive Control algorithm is used. The typical predictive model in GPC algorithms (ARIMAX) is extended by a measurable disturbance vector.
изкуствен интелект
С. Тодоров, Т. Тодоров, Г. Михалев, Разработване и изследване на алгоритми за бизнес анализ чрез изкуствен интелект
Key Words: Artificial Intelligence; business analytics; Machine Learning; optimization; Decision Making.
Abstract. The paper discusses the development and implementation of artificial intelligence algorithms for business analytics. The study focuses on the potential of AI in predictive analytics, decision making, and optimization of business processes. Key technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and data mining are analyzed. Practical applications in sectors like finance, marketing, and supply chain management are explored. The impact of AI-driven solutions on improving business efficiency and decision accuracy is highlighted. The results from real-world case studies are presented, confirming the effectiveness of AI in complex business environments.
изкуствен интелект
М. Хаджийски, Приложение на експертните системи в индустриалната автоматика
Key Words: Artificial intelligence; expert systems; industrial automation; operation control; predictive maintenance.
Abstract. Expert systems were the first field at the dawn of artificial intelligence, in the mid-20th century. They also represent the first real practical applications in areas such as the synthesis of chemical compounds, healthcare, and computer system design, thanks to their remarkable ability to mimic human abilities for logical inference in the presence of in-depth expert knowledge. Industrial automation, in turn, reached a high level of development in the 1980s, but technological innovations posed a number of new problems, the solution of which by applying expert systems proved to be a suitable alternative in combination with the significant achievements of computing and control theory. This synergy of rapidly developing fields is particularly productive currently in the era of exponentially advancing artificial intelligence technologies, part of which are expert systems. The paper examines the features and capabilities of a large number of modern industrial automation systems with the integration of expert systems and artificial intelligence modules. Particular emphasis is placed on expanding the scope of industrial automation with the inclusion of predictive maintenance of the technical condition of technological objects as an important part of the operational management of objects from “end to end”. The main challenges and unresolved problems of the application of expert systems in industrial automation are examined with confidence in the possibilities for realizing their potential.
изкуствен интелект
А. Кордон, Прилагане на изкуствен интелект в бизнеса – шумна реклама или необходимост?
Key Words: Applied Artificial Intelligence; Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI); Large Language Models; Digital transformation.
Abstract. The paper gives a condensed overview of the industry’s current state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) applications. From a business perspective, the critical issue of understanding the differences between basic AI and the new popular Generative AI (GenAI) is emphasized. Special attention is given to current and future technology trends, such as Causal AI, automated reasoning with knowledge graphs, Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents, Agentic AI, and their value-creation potential. The application landscape, defined mainly by the impressive record of basic AI after 2010 and the potential for mass-scale use of GenAI, is discussed. The paper also suggests a roadmap for big and small businesses to introduce an appropriate form of basic AI or GenAI.
