На 2 септември 2024 г. председателят на Съюза по автоматика и информатика „Джон Атанасов“ проф. д-р инж. Коста Бошнаков навърши 75 години. Честито!
Списания
новости, информация, общество
Дни на Джон Атанасов 2024
Честване на 121 години от рождението на Джон Атанасов
Дните на Джон Атанасов са свързани с рождения ден на патрона на Съюза по автоматика и информатика Джон Атанасов – 4 октомври, и се провеждат традиционно всяка година. 4 октомври е обявен от Министерския съвет за Ден на информационното общество в България – професионален празник на специалистите по компютърна техника, информационни технологии и автоматика, и се чества от 2007 г.
обучение и квалификация
М. Хаджийски, Необходимият баланс между алтернативи при проектиране и използване на интелигентни системи за персонализирано инженерно обучение
Key Words: Personalized learning; intelligent systems; collaborative approach.
Abstract. The problems of searching for a rational solution in the design and operation of modern intelligent systems for personalized engineering training are considered. Emerging favorable opportunities and implementation risks are analyzed in three main aspects – pedagogical strategies, technological efficiency and system coordination. The existing research and practical experience is insufficient to make informed decisions, especially in the conditions of extremely rapid development of technologies based on artificial intelligence, which are of key importance for personalized learning systems. Given the great complexity of personalized learning systems, only a collaborative approach of teams including researchers, educators, and artificial intelligence specialists would be successful in finding balanced rational solutions.
информатика
П. Стоянов, Г. Бебров, М. Иванов, Н. Димитров, Сравнителен анализ на съвременните криптографски HASH функции
Key Words: Cryptographic; hash-function; comparative analysis; MDC MAC; collision resistance; Message Digest.
Abstract. The paper presents the fundamental role of hash functions in modern cryptography and Network security. To control the integrity of stored or exchanged data, cryptographic hash functions, also called OWHF (OWHF – One Way Hash Functions), are most often used. These functions are not used to protect the data, but to verify its identity.Hash Functions compresses a message of arbitrary length to a message of fixed length called hashcode or Message Digest (MD). According to the purpose they serve, there are two main types of hash functions – MDC and MAC. Keyed hash functions use secret key for computing the digest and these are also known as MAC (Message Authentication Code). The purpose of MAC is to authenticate the data source. MDC (Message Detection Codes) are un-keyed functions and serve to authenticate the data integrity. The three distinctive properties of hash functions are discussed: 1. Preimage resistance – for essentially all pre-specified outputs, it is computationally infeasible to find any input which hashes to that output. 2. 2nd-preimage resistance – it is computationally infeasible to find any second input which has the same output as any specified input. 3. Collision resistance – it is computationally infeasible to find any two distanct inputs whish result to the same output. Defined the fields of application of the hash functions: 1. Data integrity check when exchanging data (file, string, database, etc.). 2. Storing access passwords on sites. 3. Digital signature. 4. Search for identical files and match of data. This paper presents a comparative analysys of hash functions that are curentlu used. The most frequently used functions (MD, SHA, WHIRLPOOL, RIPEMD, MASH-2 etc.) are presented in tabular form. A comparison was made according to some basic characteristics: input message size, output value, conversion method, logical operations used, operations used, etc. On this basis, can be made a decision to use a particular hash function for one purpose or another, according to the specific requirements for input message dimensionality, speed, and degree of security.
информатика
В. Акиванов, В. Велчев, Дистанционно измерване и предаване на данни по обществени мрежи за комуникация
Key Words: Remote measurement; data transmition; public net communication; WiFi Internet; data base management; web site.
Abstract. Тhe system, described in the article for measurement and remote transmission of data from measuring devices such as water meters, electricity meters and others, contains the following components: periodic measurement, remote transmission of measured data, storing the data in a centralized database server, displaying the current data in tables and graphs, display history of measurements based on stored data in DB. The transmission of the measured data is realized in the following communication media: public networks (A1, Vivacom, Yettel), Internet network.
информатика
Д. Динев, С. Йорданов , Р. Иванов, Г. Михалев, Нискобюджетна система за мониторинг на здравето на бременни жени
Key Words: Pregnancy monitoring; IoT; health tracking; pulse oximetry; heart rate monitoring.
Abstract. Monitoring the health of pregnant women is essential for promoting a safe and successful pregnancy. This paper presents the development of a monitoring system using the ESP32 microcontroller, along with the MAX30205, MAX30100, and BME680 sensors. The ESP32 acts as the core unit for data collection and transmission. The MAX30205 sensor provides precise real-time temperature readings, while the BME680 measures key environmental factors such as humidity, pressure, and gas resistance. Additionally, the MAX30100 monitors pulse rate and blood oxygen levels. Together, these sensors enable comprehensive health monitoring for pregnant women.
автоматика
Г. Кондев, Д. Неделев, Ключови предимства при използването на предсказваща диагностика в цветната металургия
Key Words: Predictive diagnostics; competitiveness; costs; innovation.
Abstract. In today’s highly competitive economic environment, effective predictive maintenance of equipment is critical to ensuring high productivity, product quality, on-time delivery and a safe work environment. Predictive maintenance itself is a well-established approach that uses equipment condition data to predict and project future operating conditions leading to system-wide improvements. Having an integrated, computer-based information management system is a strong competitive advantage over today’s complex manufacturing systems. To automate and optimize these processes, advanced systems including Internet of Things (IoT) modules are often used, which enable intelligent devices to exchange information with each other and with others via the Internet, creating a large-scale network of interconnected devices. Such connectivity helps in cost accounting, production and maintenance planning, environmental compliance data, etc. A successfully implemented system will provide an opportunity for effective communication and coordination of predictive maintenance activities leading to continuous improvements of key indicators.
in memoriam
90 години от рождението на проф. д.т.н. инж. Никола Маджаров
На 5 септември 2024 г. се навършиха 90 години от рождението на уважаемия и обичан проф. д.т.н. инж. Никола Енчев Маджаров (05.09.1934 – 06.06.2022 г.), заместник-декан на ЕФ в МЕИ – София, заместник-ректор на ТУ – София, член на Президиума на ВАК, председател на научна комисия на ВАК, член на научна комисия на ВАК, председател и член на СНС „Автоматика и системи за управление” към ВАК, председател на Научно-консултативния съвет по автоматизация към Съвета за висше образование при МНП, член на редакционните колегии на сп. „Автоматика и изчислителна техника”, „Автоматика, изчислителна техника и автоматизирани системи”, „Автоматика и информатика”, ‟Information Technologies and Control”, член на АС и ФС в ТУ – София, научни, научно-методични и експертни съвети, организационни и програмни комитети в научни мероприятия, притежател е на много награди и отличия.
новости, информация, общество
Нови професори в областта на автоматиката и информатиката Проф. д-р инж. Никола Николов
Никола Николаев Николов е роден на 26 май 1960 г. в гр. Казанлък. Обучение и квалификации Никола Николов е завършил средно образование в Техникума по електротехника „Мария Кюри“, гр. Сливен, специалност електронна техника.
новости, информация, общество
Нови професори в областта на автоматиката и информатиката Проф. д-р инж. Христо Вълчанов
Христо Георгиев Вълчанов е роден на 4 декември 1963 г. във Варна. Образование и квалификация Проф. д-р Христо Вълчанов е завършил специалност изчислителна техника във ВМЕИ-Варна (сега Технически университет-Варна) през 1989 г. През 1990 г. печели конкурс за асистент към катедра „Изчислителна техника“ към ВМЕИ-Варна. През 2008 г. защитава докторска дисертация на тема „Интегриран подход за обектноориентирана разпределена симулация” (по шифър 02.2 1.04).
новости, информация, общество
Заслужено признание Акад. Минчо Хаджийски със звание „Заслужил деятел на ФНТС“
На Общото събрание на Съюза по автоматика и информатика „Джон Атанасов“, проведено на 9 юли 2024 г., доц. д-р инж. Кремена Деделянова, председател на ФНТС, награди със званието „Заслужил деятел на ФНТС“ акад. Минчо Хаджийски – главен редактор на сп. „Автоматика и информатика“.
системи и мониторинг
И. Захариев, Определяне на влажността и продължителността на изсушаване на остатъчна биомаса от маслодайна роза при естествено сушене
Key Words: Damask rose; drying speed; humidity, energy.
Abstract. The article presents the results of a study of the duration of drying under atmospheric conditions of residual plant biomass generated during the annual contour pruning of the oil rose bushes. The contour pruning of the bushes was done after the completion of the rose bush. The cut biomass is rented from the inter-rows of the arrays. Results of an additional study of this biomass from the same massif stored in bundles in a closed, ventilated warehouse until the end of October are presented. The periods for reaching an air-dry state with a moisture content of 14.38% and below 10% have been determined. Based on the obtained results, a recommendation was made for the use of naturally dried plant biomass. In this way, there is no need for expensive equipment and energy to dry it and bring it into a suitable form for further processing and use.
системи и мониторинг
К. В. Велев, Е. И. Велева, Алтернативен подход към удовлетворяване на регионалните енергийни нужди чрез изграждане на общински ютилити клъстери
Key Words: Efficiency; energy; social marketing; municipal utility clusters; market with freely negotiated prices.
Abstract. The sale of electricity, heat and natural gas in Bulgaria is characterised by an almost 100% monopoly at regional level. These supplies are licensed on a territorial basis and do not allow local competition. There is a lack of symbiosis between centralised energy and the established regional power plants (mainly PV power stations). This is a serious obstacle to the deployment of RES and the Green Transition that Bulgaria needs. The article discusses the legal framework and proposes an organization at local level for the creation of operating structures – utility clusters for the integration and balancing of energy flows, including those from RES. The regulatory base in Bulgaria allows the creation of such structures in the country. This would solve a number of problems – social, demographic, environmental and purely economic. It is a matter of proper organisation that the energies from these sources are cleverly managed, integrated and balanced as close to the consumer as possible.
автоматика
Г. Костов, Р. Александров, Определяне на електромагнитния момент на превключваем реактивен двигател
Key Words: Switched Reluctance Motor; rotor position; motor torque; co-energy; JMAG-Express software.
Abstract. Due to the development of electronics and control methods, interest in Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is returning and today they are being studied by many scientists around the world. This article discusses the torque determination of a Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) using co-energy. Described is conversion of electrical energy into magnetic field energy and mechanical energy. In these electric machines, the electromagnetic moment is defined as the change in electromagnetic energy due to the change on the angular position of the rotor. The purpose of the study is to find the parameters on which the torque depends in order to form an appropriate control strategy. To simplify the analysis, it is assumed that the machine remains in an unsaturated state during operation – magnetic saturation is neglected, the inductance of the motor depends only on the rotor angle. An exemplary variation of the inductance from the rotor position is shown, which is a direct consequence of the variation of the total magnetic flux and current in the energized phase winding. The areas of operation of SRM are described. Also shown is an exemplary mechanical characteristic of the SRM where the constant torque, constant power, and decelerating power sections are described for low, medium, and high engine speeds. The structure and control principles of the SRM determine the drive characteristics. The basic control strategy involves successive switching of phases at well-defined moments of time. For accurate control it is necessary to account for the highly nonlinear inductance problems and the following ripples of electromagnetic moment. SRM modeling aims to accurately establish the relationship between magnetic flux, torque, current and rotor position, which will contribute to accurate analysis and precise control of these motors. The simulation of SRM 6/4 was made using JMAG-Express software.
автоматика
Н. Н. Николов, Управление на едномерни обекти с голямо закъснение чрез дискретни регулатори на състоянието
Key Words: Discrete state controller; objects with a delay; state observer; Smith predictor systemр Pade series.
Abstract. The control is a purposeful impact on the object of control, as a result of which it is brought to a desired state, which is determined by the requirements of the technological process. The main requirement is that this process is sustainable, but this is not enough. There are also certain requirements regarding the quality of the processes that take place in the system – quick action when working out disturbing effects or when changing the mode of operation, permissible deviations from the established mode, amplitude limitations of the controlling effects, etc. Often the requirements for the managed process are mutually contradictory and it is necessary to seek a reasonable compromise between them. It is accepted, when the feedback in a control system is carried out by means of the state vector, the controller in this system is called a State Controller (SC). If the state x(k) can be measured directly at every moment k=0, 1, 2, … we speak of control in the presence of complete information. When the state cannot be measured directly, but is estimated by other quantities that are related to it and available for measurement, it is said to be control with incomplete information. The delay in the object of control, whatever its nature, its presence creates difficulties in the implementation of the control system, worsening the quality indicators of the ongoing processes. When using a discrete state controller to control objects with a delay, in order to be able to synthesize the state observer it is necessary to represent the delay unit with a fractional-rational function using a Pade series. This enables the object of control to be represented as a higher-order object without delay, but leads to a significant extension of the transition process in the system.
автоматика
M. Хаджийски, Н. Делийски, Д. Ангелски, П. Вичев, К. Атанасова, Изчисляване на енергийния разход и компонентите му за пластифициране на съдържащи лед трупи в производството на фурнир
Key Words: Logs; frozen bound water; frozen free water; thermal treatment; plasticizing; energy consumption; veneer production.
Abstract. An approach for computing the energy required for warming up and plasticizing of frozen logs subjected to thermal treatment in the production of veneer has been presented. The approach is based on the use of two personal models. With the help of the non-stationary model, the thermal treatment times of beech logs with a diameter of 0.4 m, initial temperatures of –1 °C, –10 °C, –20 °C, –30 °C and moisture content u of 0.4 kg∙kg-1, 0.6 kg∙kg-1, and 0.8 kg∙kg-1 were determined at operating temperatures in the boiling or steaming equipment equal to 80 °C. For different combination of the three values of moisture content and four values of the initial log temperature there are significant differences between the amount of both free and bound frozen water in the logs, which ensures sufficiently large differences between the calculated values of the energy consumption of the logs. Furthermore, the logs with initial temperature of –1 °C contain only frozen free water and no frozen bound water at all. Using the determined logs’ thermal treatment durations, with the help of our second model the change in the energy required for warming up and plasticizing of the investigated logs and that for each of its 4 components was calculated. It was found that the studied energy increases from 55.3 to 67.2 kWh∙m-3 at u = 0.4 kg∙kg-1, from 75.9 to 89.1 kWh∙m-3 at u = 0.6 kg∙kg-1 and from 94.6 to 108.8 kWh∙m-3 at u = 0.8 kg∙kg-1 when the initial temperature of the logs decreases from –10 °C to –30 °C. At initial log temperature of –1 °C the energy required for plastcizing of the wood changes from 46.0 kWh∙m-3 at u = 0.4 kg∙kg-1 to 84.9 kWh∙m-3 at u = 0.8 kg∙kg-1. Four types of individual components of the considered energy have been calculated, namely: for warming um of the frozen and non-frozen wood itself, for melting of the temperature dependent frozen part of bound water, and for melting all
frozen free water in the logs.
Крайният срок за изпращане на доклади за IEEE International Conference Automatics and Informatics 2024 (ICAI’24) се удължава до 18 август 2024 г.
Поради многобройните запитвания и интереса към Международната IEEE конференция Автоматика и информатика 2024 (ICAI’24) (http://www.icai-conf.org/), Националният организационен комитет на конференцията има удоволствието да Ви информира, че крайният срок за изпращане на доклади се удължава до 18 август 2024 г., като се променят и следните срокове: Notification of acceptance 05.09.2024 15.09.2024 Submission of papers in final […]
ПОКАНА ЗА ОБЩО СЪБРАНИЕ на сдружение „Съюз по автоматика и информатика „Джон Атанасов” (САИ)
Управителният съвет на сдружение „Съюз по автоматика и информатика „Джон Атанасов”“ (САИ) на основание чл. 26 от ЗЮЛНЦ и във връзка с чл. 16, ал. 4 от Устава на САИ свиква Общо събрание на САИ на 9 юли 2024 г. (вторник) от 17.00 ч. в град София, ул. „Г. С. Раковски“ № 108, Национален дом […]
in memoriam
Инж. Евгения Димитрова (1955-2024)
С много болка съобщаваме, че на 18 април 2024 г. след тежко боледуване ни напусна нашата скъпа колежка инж. Евгения Димитрова (Жени).
in memoriam
Проф. д-р хонорис кауза Ото Спаниол (1945-2023)
На 10 декември 2023 г. ни напусна проф. д-р хонорис кауза Ото Спаниол. Той е роден в Otzenhausen, Германия на 11 април 1945 г. През 1968 г. завършва Заарланския университет в Заарбрюкен със специалност математика и физика. Започва научната си кариера като изследовател и асистент професор във Факултета по компютърни науки. През 1971 г. защитава научната степен PhD по математика в Университета в Заарбрюкен. В периода 1972-1974 г. е назначен за кандидат професор в университета, а от 1976 до 1981 г. е избран за доцент по операционни системи в гр. Бон. През 1981 г. постъпва като професор в университета във Франкфурт на Майн по същото научно направление. От 1984 г. Ото Спаниол е редовен професор по комуникационни и разпределени системи в университета в град Аахен, Германия.